Engineering

Strengthening of slopes of engineering constructions of industrial enterprises by creation of turf without application of fertile layer under polymer coating - Technological regulations for work execution

Authors: Mesyats S.P., Petrov A.A.

Directions of use or application of scientific development (industry, enterprise): Enterprises of mining-industrial, mining-metallurgical, fuel-energy complexes, municipal and construction facilities.

The technology of turf creation without application of fertile layer is applicable for solving the problem of desertification, restoration of technogenically disturbed lands, conservation of industrial and municipal wastes, creation of turf on the slopes of transport highways, banks of canals and rivers without their preliminary strengthening, arrangement of construction sites; creation and repair of sports facilities, fixing of moving sands.

The technology of turf creation without application of fertile layer is:

1. universal (effective on different substrates, in different climatic zones, on any relief without preliminary reinforcement);
2. technologically advanced (ensures quick implementation using serially produced multipurpose machinery);
3. highly productive (ensures consolidation of large areas - hundreds of hectares - in a short period of time);
4.  economically profitable (due to elimination of costs for application of fertile layer; reduction of fines for pollution of natural environment as a result of dusting);
5.  ecologically expedient.

Utilization of fuel oil and other oil products by biosorption method at open sites. Technological regulations for the works

Authors: Mesyats S.P., Averina O.V.

Directions of use or application of scientific development (industry, enterprise): Enterprises of oil producing and oil refining, fuel and energy complexes, fuel and transportation sections of enterprises of other industries.

The technology of utilization of fuel oil from oil traps by biosorption method at open sites allows enterprises to solve the problem in an economical way. The use of a broad-spectrum microbiological preparation adapted to the northern climatic conditions and possessing high oxidative capacity to various oil products, including intermediate products of their destruction, creation of a seeded grass phytocenosis without the application of a fertile layer for the formation of biologically active medium provide a high degree of fuel oil utilization already during the first growing season.

Optimization of fuel oil utilization processes in the soil occurs due to the integrated interaction of hydrocarbon-oxidizing microflora and root secretions of seedling phytocenosis. Root secretions in the rhizosphere of plants increase the biochemical activity of both introduced and local hydrocarbon-oxidizing microflora. Polymer coating, created after sowing grasses, promotes plant growth and development by improving the ecological background of root-habitat horizons - increasing water-holding capacity, stabilizing the hydrothermal regime, activating biochemical activity.

Automated system of complex monitoring to assess the state of the atmosphere of deep quarries

Authors: Mesyats S.P., Petrov A.A., Zorin A.V.

Directions of use or application of scientific development (industry, enterprise): enterprises of the mining-industrial, mining-metallurgical complexes, conducting open-pit development of deposits

The Mining Institute of the Kola Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences has developed an automated System of complex monitoring of the deep pit atmosphere, which includes monitoring of meteorological conditions leading to the accumulation of pollutants in the atmosphere of the pit and monitoring of the gas composition of the atmosphere in the pit space, characterizing the levels of pollution. Based on actual data of the In-Pit Atmosphere Monitoring System and synoptic information received through publicly available channels, the forecast of meteorological conditions leading to accumulation of pollutants in the working areas of the quarry is calculated.

The monitoring system is based on the software and hardware complex of automated control of the quarry atmosphere parameters, which allows obtaining actual data on the state of the atmosphere in the quarry interior in an operational mode. The hardware of the Integrated Monitoring System is based on a monitoring network of automatic measuring stations located on different sides of the quarry at different horizons. The measuring stations include meteorological equipment for measuring meteorological parameters of the atmosphere of the quarry interior and a set of gas analytical equipment for monitoring the gas composition of the quarry atmosphere.

The software includes a set of system programs performing service functions for controlling the hardware of the monitoring network, and application programs realizing the tasks of forming the information resource and presenting the information to the user. The information resource of the Monitoring System forms a database of quantitative and qualitative indicators characterizing the state of the atmosphere of the in-carrier space. Based on the actual data of the In-Pit Atmosphere Monitoring System, synoptic information received through publicly available channels, the forecast of meteorological conditions leading to the accumulation of pollutants in the working areas of the quarry is calculated.

At the mines of PJSC PIMCU (Rosatom State Corporation) on the basis of MINEFRAME GGIS the technology of digital engineering support of mining operations was implemented, within the framework of which: models of deposits, underground workings and mining units were created; tools for modeling the actual state of the mined-out space and correcting the models of the geological environment were implemented; tools for planning and modeling of mining operations, including backfilling operations, were created; connection between the microseismic monitoring system and the digital environment of design and planning was implemented

Authors: Lukichev S.S., Nagovitsyn O.V., Laptev V.V., Kornienko A.V., Stepacheva A.V., Gurin K.V.

The basis of the digital technology of engineering support of mining operations is the use of a single digital space of the enterprise to solve the whole complex of geological, surveying and technological problems. An important element of the technology is a unified database, which stores geological survey data and models of mining technology objects.

The peculiarity of the deposit, which has a serious impact on mining technology, is the high level of tectonic stresses in the massif. In order to take into account the stress-strain state (STS) of the massif and places dangerous by geomechanical conditions, tools have been developed to visualize in a single digital space objects of the geological environment, mining technology, results of the STS calculation and monitoring of microseismic events.

The use of digital technology based on MINEFRAME GGIS allows to visualize in 3D-space all significant design and actual models of mining technology objects, to eliminate duplication of information, to ensure prompt receipt of up-to-date data, to accelerate the production of technological documentation.

Models of ore bodies, mine workings and plane of tensile deformations at one of the mines of PJSC PIMCU

The "Instruction on accounting for the state and movement of reserves, 
determination, planning and rationing of quantitative and qualitative losses of apatite-nepheline ore at the mines of Apatit JSC was developed, which takes into account changes in the regulatory framework, mining and geological and mining conditions of the Khibiny massif deposits, as well as meets modern mining technologies

Authors: Lukichev: S.S., Nagovitsyn O.V., Belogorodtsev O.V., Laptev V.V., Nagovitsyn G.O., Bilin A.L.

On the example of the study of mining-geological and mining-technical conditions of apatite-nepheline deposits of the Khibiny massif developed by Apatit, taking into account the modern regulatory framework for the development of solid mineral deposits, an instruction has been developed, which is used to determine and maintain records of reserves, losses and dilution of ore, to control the completeness of mineral extraction from the subsurface, to establish the availability of mines with reliable reserves for current and prospective planning. The instruction clarifies the basic concepts and definitions of mining terminology, classification of losses and dilution of apatite-nepheline ore, develops new algorithms and schemes for normalization of operational losses and dilution of broken ore in the process of release from the clearing space of the bored-out excavation (panel).

Instructions on calculation of seismic hazardous zones during technological explosions at underground mines of Apatit JSC were developed and handed over to the CF of Apatit JSC, which was put into effect by the order of Apatit JSC and is used in the design of blasting operations at underground mines

Authors: Kozyrev S.A., Sokolov A.V., Usachev E.A.

This "Instruction" is intended to forecast seismic hazard on surface buildings and structures, as well as on mine workings during mass technological explosions at underground mines and to select seismic safety parameters in the design of mining operations depending on mining and geological conditions.

For the open pit mine "Zhelezny" of JSC "Kovdorsky GOK" the technique of operative estimation of seismic blasting impact on the surface massif during blasting operations in the open pit has been developed

 The technique is based on the results of experimental observations of the seismic effect of explosions and numerical modeling, which allows estimating the width of the zones of fracture formation and burrows into the rear part of the massif, zones of induced fracturing and stability of the overlying ledges under dynamic impact from the mass explosion, which allows operative estimation of the width of the zones of fracture formation and burrows into the rear part of the massif, zones of induced fracturing and stability of the overlying ledges under dynamic impact from the mass explosion.

Authors: Kozyrev S.A., Usachev E.A., Sokolov A.V.

Methods of air quantity calculation and ventilation organization for underground mines of KF Apatit JSC, underground mine of Olenegorsky GOK, Oleniy Ruchey mine of NWPC 

Authors: Kozyrev S.A., Amosov P.V.

These methods have been developed on the basis of generalization of the experience of the results of research work performed in recent years, as well as the requirements of "Safety Rules for mining operations and processing of solid minerals from 08.12.2020 N 505)", "Safety Rules for the production, storage and use of explosive materials for industrial purposes" from December 3, 2020 N 494 and are designed to calculate the amount of air and the organization of ventilation of mine workings of underground mines for various conditions of mining operations.It gives tested formulas for calculating the required amount of air for ventilation of cleaning and tunneling works with examples of calculation, as well as justification of the minimum air velocity on the factor of dust removal, the norm of air consumption per h.p. of the passport power of the engine, the minimum distance from the chest of the face of the workings to the end of ventilation pipes.

Integrated instrumental monitoring of stability of the rock massif of a large open pit in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation using geodetic, microseismic and local control methods (Zhelezny mine pit of Kovdorsky GOK JSC) is carried out

Authors: Rybin V.V., Rozanov I.Yu., Kagan M.M., Konstantinov K.N.

Regulations for increasing the slope angle of the side of the Koashva open pit of Apatit JSC were developed. On the basis of the conducted research, a rational variant of the open pit geotechnology for mining deep reserves of the Koashvinskoye deposit and its parameters, ensuring full recovery of reserves and safety of mining operations in the long-term period, was proposed

Authors: Rybin V.V., Kozyrev A.A., Bilin A.L., Kalyuzhny A.S., Nagovitsyn G.O., Kozyrev S.A., Konstantinov K.N., Zhirov D.V.

The basic principles, procedure and optimal parameters of safe mining of reserves of the prospective area of Gakman of the Khibiny massif with minimization of mutual influence of open pit and underground mining have been developed. Regularities of formation of potentially dangerous zones are revealed on the basis of a complex studies of rock properties, structural-geological, geomechanical and technological peculiarities of a complex mining-technical system taking into account gravitational-tectonic stress field

Authors: Semenova I.E., Rybin V.V., Bilin A.L., Belogorodtsev O.V., Kalyuzhny A.S.

Determination of physical and mechanical properties of rock samples

Authors: Rybin V.V., Kuznetsov N.N., Kalyuzhny A.S., Pak A.K., Gumennikov V.P., Nekrasov V.A., Danilov I.V., Potokin M.I., Menshikov A.Y., Kondrashov L.Y.

Complex experimental determinations of physical and mechanical properties of rock samples are performed, including uniaxial compression, tensile and triaxial compression strength, density, moisture, water absorption, strength factor, abrasiveness, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, cohesion and internal friction angle of the intact sample and along the fracture or sawing plane in the sample. The obtained data can be used to build a geomechanical model of the deposit, assess the geomechanical state of rock massifs, assess the propensity of rocks to fracture in dynamic form (rock bursts), etc.

Determination of physical and mechanical properties of concrete test samples

Authors: Kuznetsov N.N., Pak A.K., Gumennikov V.P.

Experimental determinations of strength and density properties of concrete test samples under uniaxial compression and bending tension are carried out. On the basis of the obtained data an expert assessment of the compliance of the strength class of the tested concrete test samples with the declared class is carried out.

Scientific and technical basis for ensuring industrial and ecological safety of natural and technical water-saturated systems in the western part of the Russian sector of the Arctic, as applied to the objects of mineral waste storage of mining enterprises is developed

Authors: Kalashnik A.I., Zaporozhets D.V., Kalashnik N.A., Dyakov A.Y., Maksimov D.A.

Methodological approaches to justification of engineering solutions and measures to minimize the risks of dangerous manifestations of hydrogeomechanical processes in storage facilities in Arctic conditions are proposed, including: predictive assessment of stability of tailings dams, a method of assessing their stability based on GPR and computer studies, justification of integrated engineering solutions and measures to improve mechanical and filtration stability of tailings dams of Kovdorskiy GOK JSC, Kola MMC JSC, NWPC JSC.

Hydrogeomechanical 3D models of GTS of tailing ponds of large mining enterprises in the western part of the Russian sector of the Arctic were created: Kovdorsky GOK JSC and Kola MMC JSC

Author: Kalashnik N.A.

The models, which differ from the known ones by simultaneous application of several models of rock and soil deformation and taking into account the time factor in filtration and deformation calculations, adequately correspond to the fragments of the natural-technical system "geological basement - tailings pond bowl - enclosing dam", reflect the dynamics of the build-up of embankment and reclamation dams, filling of the tailings pond and changes in the hydrogeological regime. The models are realized in the Plaxis 3D software package and are studied under different parametric combinations of influencing factors.

On the basis of laboratory (GoI) and pilot (at the modular unit of Kovdorskiy GOK) tests of Russian-made Neonol reagents, industrial tests were conducted: Neonol reagent was recommended for implementation at the ABOF of Kovdorskiy GOK

Authors: Ivanova V.A., Perunkova T.N., Mitrofanova G.V.

Together with PJSC "Uralchimplast" a method of flotation of apatite-containing ores with the use of a new collector based on phosphoric esters of alkylphenols of natural origin has been developed in order to increase the efficiency of apatite flotation.Patent for invention: RU 2812644 C1

Authors: Shishlov O.F., Dozhdikov S.A., Troshin D.P., Ivchenko D.G., Mitrofanova G.V., Chernousenko E.V., Opalev A.S.

The parameters of water treatment of technical discharges were developed for the organization of partial intrafactory water rotation at the ABOF of Kovdorsky GOK. Reduction by 2.9 million m3 per year of the volume of discharges sent to the tailings pond will provide a reduction in energy costs of the enterprise and reduce the ecological load on the environment

Authors: Mitrofanova G.V., Chernousenko E.V., Artemyev A.V., Pospelova Yu.P., Perunkova T.N.

Technology of pre-concentration of ferruginous quartzites of Zaimandrovsky district by means of dry magnetic separation

Authors: Shibaeva D.N., Tereshchenko S.V.

The technology of two-stage dry magnetic separation of magnetite-bearing ores for ferruginous quartzites of deposits of Zaimandrovsky district was developed, tested and implemented in the dry magnetic separation body of JSC "Olkon", providing due to differences in the rotation speed (V) of the shells of the first and second drums of the magnetic separator (the ratio Vdrum1 / Vdrum2 is not less than 1,25) and values of the magnetic field strength (V) on their surface (the ratio Vdrum1 / Vdrum2 is not less than 1,30): increase in the efficiency of separation of strongly magnetic ores due to the reduction of the number of pieces (portion volume) simultaneously located in the separation zone; reduction of losses of common iron with non-magnetic fraction

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Technology of pre-concentration of complex apatite-magnetite-baddeleyite ores of Kovdorskoye deposit by means of dry magnetic and X-ray luminescence separation

Authors: Shibaeva D.N., Asanovich D.A., Volkov D.O., Bulatov V.V.

Enrichment of complex low-iron apatite ores of the Kovdorskiy deposit by means of dry magnetic and X-ray luminescence separation provides by increasing Fetotal content to the level of apatite-magnetite ore (the main feed of the enrichment processes of the magnetic enrichment plant and apatite-baddeleyite enrichment plant of the Kovdorskiy GOK) an increase in the amount of low-iron apatite ore involved in processing, including those stored in special dumps.Optimal parameters of realization of the process of dry magnetic separation are two-stage mode, where at the first stage Fetot enriched magnetic product is formed from pieces of ore mass of increased value of magnetic susceptibility, at the second stage, which performs the role of control operation, realizes extraction of pieces of ore mass. Two-stage separation provides the maximum possible magnetite extraction for the separator used - minimum losses of Fetot with non-magnetic fraction (12,77%).Application of screening operation on the non-magnetic product of the first stage of CMC using a sieve with a mesh size of 2mm allows to separate the product with increased content of P2O5 (1,5 times), the technological indicators of which allow to send it directly to the apatite-baddeleyite concentrator. Inclusion of the control operation for the non-magnetic fraction with a size greater than 20 mm, realized by means of X-ray luminescence separation, provides the possibility of additional extraction of 5,42% Fetot containing 6,1% Fetot, as well as reducing the amount of carbonate class minerals (25,79% of carbonate class minerals identified by the content of CO2 are transferred to the separation waste).

Development of initial data (technological regulations) for reconstruction of the enrichment complex of Kovdorskiy GOK in order to increase productivity up to 20 million tons of ore per year

Authors: Opalev A.S., Karpov I.V.

A set of research works on the development of technological regulations for the reconstruction of the enrichment complex of the Kovdorskiy GOK, defining the apparatus-technological scheme of ore processing up to 20 million tons per year, including general information on the processed raw materials, output products and waste, processing technologies with the presentation of qualitative-quantitative and water-slurry enrichment schemes; revision and recalculation of the existing technological scheme of production from 16 million tons per year to 20 million tons per year; development of recommendations and recommendations for the development of a new technological scheme of production from 16 million tons per year to 20 million tons per year.

Improvement of the separation technology for complex ore of the Zashikhinskoe rare-metal deposit in order to increase niobium and tantalum recovery. Production of pilot batches of columbite and zirconium concentrates

Authors: Khokhulya M.S., Fomin A.V. et al.

Pilot tests of processing technology for columbite ore of Zashikhinskoe deposit were carried out. The regimes of ore grinding and gravity separation (spiral separation, table concentration, centrifugal separation) have been substantiated. Various variants of inclusion of high-intensity magnetic separation using ERL-20 separator into the technology were examined. Recommended effective processing regimes for products (rough concentrates, intermediate products, and tailings) made it possible to recover columbite and zircon concentrates with the required content of valuable components according to the multistage scheme. Using the developed combined gravity-magnetic ore concentration scheme, columbite and zircon concentrates were produced and sent to the customer.

Determination of optimal parameters of crushing, grinding, classification and beneficiation of iron ore in order to improve the quality of iron ore crushing and beneficiation sections productivity

Authors: Opalev A.S., Alekseeva S.A., Karpov I.V, etc.

Technical and technological solutions for determination of optimal modes of crushing, grinding, classification and separation of ore from different sources of ore base of JSC "Olkon" have been developed, which allow to obtain quality of produced iron ore refractory materials with more than 70% Fetotal. Recommendations were given to increase the productivity of technological sections by at least 10% of the planned indicators.